association between selected RANKL gene polymorphisms and chronic/aggressive periodontitis in Iranian subjects

The primary aim of this study was to investigate the status of RANKL6-7 gene polymorphism in patients with chronic [mild, moderate, severe] and aggressive periodontitis as well as healthy controls. We examined 80 patients for the RANKL6-7 polymorphisms [rs1054016 and rs9567000]. Polymorphism was determined by polymerase chain reaction [PCR] followed by direct sequencing. No statistically significant association was found between the polymorphism in the RANKL 7 gene and periodontal disease [P<0.55]. There was also no polymorphic allele observed in RANKL 6 gene of the study population. We found no association between the studied RANKL polymorphisms and chronic/aggressive periodontitis

Extra mammary tumors metastasis to the breast

In patients with known extramammary malignancies, Metastatic disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a palpable breast mass, particularly if there is a history of extramammary malignancy. Breast metastasis is usually indicative of diffuse metastatic disease and a poor prognosis. Biopsy and careful review of previous pathologic material assures prompt treatment and avoids an unnecessary radical operation. Breast metastases from extramammary tumors are rare with few cases reported. Four cases of metastasis to the breast are presented and the diagnostic problems of this condition are reviewed. Correlation between the histology of primary tumor and the cytology of breast metastatic tumors can avoid the surgical breast biopsy and unnecessary mastectomy. In conclusion, Metastasis to the breast has poor prognosis. We report a case of metastasis leukemia to breast presenting as a breast lump

Investigation of protective effect of prednisolone in nephropathy induced by co-trimoxazole in rat

Co-trimoxazole is a sulfonamide derivative, which is used as an antibacterial drug. Prednisolone is a dermo-corticostroid derivative, which is widely used as an anti-inflammatory and in the treatment of allergic reaction and collagen vascular diseases. The aim of this study was to find out the effect of co-trimoxazole on the renal interstitum and protective effect of predenisolone in rat. Four groups of animal were selected, namely A, B, C and control group. Groups A and B were treated with co-trimoxazole [150mg/Kg sulfa methoxazole + 30mg/Kg trimethoprim] while group C was treated with Co-trimoxazole and prednisolone [4mg/Kg] for 10 days. The reference group only received some dose of water. The blood samples were collected from groups A and C, 24 hours and from group B, 14 days after the last dose of drug were administrated. Microscopic samples from kidney tissue were prepared. The slides staining was done with Hematoxelin and Eosine [H and E] stain for histopathological study. The creatinine level in serum of group A [1.54] showed a significant increase as compared with the control group [1.04]. In the group that received co-trimoxazole the histopathological study showed acute interstitial nephritis [AIN]. In the group that was treated with co-trimoxazole + prednisolone showed no histopathological changes. The results from present study, support the theory that AIN is drug allergic reaction when co-trimoxazole is used